解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The goal of this article is to illustrate the problem-driven, cumulative, and highly interdisciplinary nature of human factors research by providing a brief overview of the work on mode errors on modern flight decks over the past two decades. BACKGROUND:Mode errors on modem flight decks were first reported i...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872008X312233
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Examine how driving experience and expectations affect the ability of experienced drivers to identify traffic signs--specifically, no right turn (NRT) and no left turn (NLT) at intersections. BACKGROUND:Failure to heed signs is a frequent cause of accidents, and the authors focused on the contributions of e...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872008X288330
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined the effect of three types of brief training on the use of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) by 43 lay users. BACKGROUND:Because AEDs were recently approved for home use, brief training for nonprofessional users needs investigation. METHOD:During training, the exposure training gro...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872008X250746
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The effects of handle friction and torque direction on muscle activity and torque are empirically investigated using cylindrical handles. BACKGROUND:A torque biomechanical model that considers contact force, friction, and torque direction was evaluated using different friction handles. METHODS:Twelve adults...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872008X250610
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We show that psychophysiologically driven real-time adaptive aiding significantly enhances performance in a complex aviation task. A further goal was to assess the importance of individual operator capabilities when providing adaptive aiding. BACKGROUND:Psychophysiological measures are useful for monitoring ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X249875
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the effects of drivers' age and low light on speed, lane keeping, and visual recognition of typical roadway stimuli. BACKGROUND:Poor visibility, which is exacerbated by age-related changes in vision, is a leading contributor to fatal nighttime crashes. There is little evidence, howeve...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X249974
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of 10 min of cyclic twisting motion on abdominal and back muscle activities. BACKGROUND:Repetitive (cyclic) occupational activity was identified by many epidemiological reports to be a risk factor for the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Biomechanical and physiolo...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X230190
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to design and test alternative computer mouse designs that attempted to reduce extensor muscle loading of the index and middle fingers by altering the orientation of the button switch direction and the force of the switch. BACKGROUND:Computer users of two-button mouse designs ex...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X215665
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The detection of target messages in a background of competing speech and the identification of the color/number combinations in those messages were examined in a continuous monitoring task. BACKGROUND:Previous research has shown that if listeners know when and where to listen, speech-on-speech intelligibilit...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X215764
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This research examined the relative importance of icon characteristics in determining the speed and accuracy of icon identification. BACKGROUND:Studies to date have focused on the role of one or two icon characteristics when users first experience an icon set. This means that little is known about the relati...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X200102
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined the impact of operational variables on diagnosis and decision-making processes, focusing on information search. BACKGROUND:Arguably, the "best" decision-making processes in high-technology cockpits would be those that are both correspondent (objectively accurate) and coherent (rationally sound). ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007X312513
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether context or different speech rates could improve older adult performance on identification of synthetically generated words. BACKGROUND:Synthetic speech systems can potentially improve the daily functioning of older adults. However, research must determine whether older adults can eff...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007779598055
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We experimentally tested the degree that the size-weight illusion depends on perceptual conditions allowing the observer to assume that both the visual and the kinesthetic stimuli of a weight seen and lifted emanate from the same object. We expected that the degree of the illusion depended on the "realism" pr...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872007779598028
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between strategy use and search success on the World Wide Web (i.e., the Web) for experienced Web users. An additional goal was to extend understanding of how the age of the searcher may influence strategy use. BACKGROUND:Current investigations of...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872006778606804
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of vision and masking friction on contact perception and compliance differentiation thresholds in a simulated tissue-probing task. BACKGROUND:In minimally invasive surgery, the surgeon receives limited haptic feedback because of the current design of the ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872006778606886
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined the way in which the type and preexisting strength of association between an auditory icon and a warning event affects the ease with which the icon/event pairing can be learned and retained. BACKGROUND:To be effective, an auditory warning must be audible, identifiable, interpretable, and ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1518/001872006777724426
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The goals of this study were to understand the reasons underlying the limited use of medical decision-support tools and to explore the potential of a computer-based tutorial to mitigate barriers to use. BACKGROUND:Medical decision-support tools such the Acute Cardiac Ischemia Time-Insensitive Predictive Inst...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872006776412306
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Does adding situation awareness (SA) to a battery of cognitive tests improve prediction? BACKGROUND:Identifying variables that predict skilled performance in a complex task aids in understanding the nature of skill and also aids in the selection of operators to perform that task. SA is thought to be an impor...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872006779166316
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), 36 licensed pilots flew both single-UAV and dual-UAV simulated military missions. Pilots were required to navigate each UAV through a series of mission legs in one of the following three conditions: a baseline condition, an auditory autoalert condition, and an autopilot condition....
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872005774860005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative contribution of number of fixations and fixation duration to reaction time in visual search was investigated. Ten participants (age 20-24 years) took part in each of two experiments. In Experiment 1, the experimental factors were display type (icon and file name), organization (arrangements with and witho...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1518/001872005774860032
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study constructively extends Arthur et al. (2001) by assessing the convergence of self-report and archival motor vehicle crash involvement and moving violations data in a 2-year longitudinal follow-up. The relationships among these criteria, conscientiousness, and driving speed were also assessed using both predi...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720054679416
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the perceptions of cellular phone users and nonusers on issues relating to vehicle control and driver distraction. Participants were asked if they own a cellular phone; if so, how much they use it; and their beliefs regarding cellular phone use while driving, including actions involving the ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720054679399
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to improve decision making must appeal to some source of warrant - that is, specific criteria or models for guiding and evaluating decision-making performance. We examine and compare the warrants for two approaches to decision aids, decision training, and consulting: analytically based prescription, which obta...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1518/0018720053653811
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments conducted in a high-fidelity flight simulator examined the effects of guidance symbology, display size, and geometric field of view (GFOV) within a synthetic vision system (SVS). In Experiment 1, 18 pilots flew highlighted and low-lighted tunnel-in-the-sky displays, as well as a less cluttered follow-m...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872005775571005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Novice drivers (16-year-olds with < or = 6 months' driving experience) have the highest crash involvement rates per 100 million vehicle miles (161 million vehicle km). In the past, this was attributed to greater risk taking or poorly developed psychomotor skills. More recently, however, their high crash involvement ra...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872005775570961
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reaction time, eye movements, and errors were measured during visual search of Web pages to determine age-related differences in performance as a function of link size, link number, link location, and clutter. Participants (15 young adults, M = 23 years; 14 older adults, M = 57 years) searched Web pages for target lin...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.46.3.385.50404
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::For over 3 decades there was a belief that computer-based solutions would "solve" complex industrial scheduling problems, yet most manufacturing organizations still require human contributions for effective scheduling performance. We present a new model of scheduling for the development and implementation of effective...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.46.3.533.50393
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a conceptual analysis of dynamic hazard warning systems. The normative aspects of responses to warnings are analyzed, and a distinction is made between two forms of responses to a warning system, referred to as compliance and reliance. Determinants of the responses to warnings are identified, and t...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.46.2.196.37335
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interfaces designed according to ecological interface design (EID) display higher-order relations and properties of a work domain so that adaptive operator problem solving can be better supported under unanticipated system conditions. Previous empirical studies of EID have assumed that the raw data required to derive ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1518/hfes.46.2.316.37338
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study was designed to examine whether increasing foveal task complexity would cause the functional field to shrink as a result of a visual funneling effect. Using 8 male participants, the study examined whether the effects of foveal task complexity on peripheral performance was most pronounced at the far p...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.46.1.135.30389
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reexamined the additivity of maximum isometric teamwork lifting strength using experienced and height-matched young male participants. The maximum isometric lifting strength was measured for four exertion heights (45, 75, 105, and 140 cm) and four lifting styles (one-, two, three-, and four-person exertions...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.46.4.686.56812
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 2 classifiers to determine their ability to discriminate among 4 levels of mental workload during a simulated air traffic control task using psychophysiological measures. Data from 7 air traffic controllers were used to train and test artificial neural network and stepwise discriminant classifiers. Very hig...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.45.3.381.27252
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This experimental study investigated the effects of load magnitude and movement speed on lumbar vertebral kinematics during lifting task performance. Ten participants performed sagittally symmetric lifting movements with systematically varied load using either a normal or a faster-than-normal speed. Skin-surface marke...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.45.2.296.27242
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report an investigation into the processes involved in a common graph-reading task using two types of Cartesian graph. We describe an experiment and eye movement study, the results of which show that optimal scan paths assumed in the task analysis approximate the detailed sequences of saccades made by individuals. ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.45.1.28.27225
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functional state of the human operator is critical to optimal system performance. Degraded states of operator functioning can lead to errors and overall suboptimal system performance. Accurate assessment of operator functional state is crucial to the successful implementation of an adaptive aiding system. One meth...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/hfes.45.4.635.27088
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factors such as shift work, sleep deprivation, and noise affect job performance in part because they affect individuals' levels of arousal. Recent work on arousal has identified two distinct forms of arousal that affect performance in very different ways. Tense arousal represents a continuum from calmness to anxiety, ...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720024497673
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecological interface design (EID) is proving to be a promising approach to the design of interfaces for complex dynamic systems. Although the principles of EID and examples of its effective use are widely available, few readily available examples exist of how the individual displays that constitute an ecological inter...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720024497952
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-six pilots (31 men, 5 women) were tested in a flight simulator on their ability to intercept a pathway depicted on a highway-in-the-sky (HITS) display. While intercepting and flying the pathway, pilots were required to watch for traffic outside the cockpit. Additionally, pilots were tested on their awareness of...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720024494801
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-resolution visual displays have been designed for flight simulation so that observers may judge the aspect angle of aircraft at far distances. The present experiment compares two display devices as untrained observers judge the spatial orientation of two target aircraft: F-15 and F-16 jets. The display devices ar...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1518/0018720024497006
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the effects of navigation speed on the level of motion sickness during and after a 30-min head-steered virtual environment. Root-mean-squares for 8 speeds in the fore-and-aft axis were 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, 30, and 59 m/s. Participants were 96 Chinese men. Both the nausea and vection ratings incr...
journal_title:Human factors
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1518/001872001775898223
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00